Trap for Small Animals

ABSTRACT

A trap for small animals, includes a trigger mechanism ( 26 ) to be triggered by an animal that is trapped, and a transmitter ( 42 ) actuated by the trigger mechanism for transmitting a detection signal to a monitoring centre, the detector including a mechano-electrical transducer ( 44 ) that is driven by the trigger mechanism ( 26 ) and the energy of which powers the transmitter ( 42 ).

The invention relates to a detector for small animals, comprising a trigger mechanism and a transmitter actuated by the trigger mechanism for transmitting a detection signal to a monitoring centre.

DE 20 2004 013 928 describes a detector of this type that is configured as a trap. When an animal actuates the trigger mechanism, it will be caught in the trap. In case of a life trap, it must be assured that the animal is attended to in reasonable time so as to prevent the animal from unduly suffering or starving in the trap. The transmitter has the purpose to send an alarm signal to the monitoring centre so as to alert the personnel in the monitoring centre to free the animal from the trap.

It is an object of the invention to provide a detector that can be installed in arbitrary places, regardless of whether or not an electrical power net is available, and which functions with high reliability and requires only little maintenance effort.

In order to achieve this object, according to the invention, the detector comprises a mechano-electrical transducer that is driven by the trigger mechanism and the energy of which powers the transmitter.

Mechano-electrical transducers are known per-se, for example in the form of dynamos, piezoelectric transducers and the like, and they have been used among others in theft protection systems. In the detector according to the invention, such a transducer provides the electric energy that is needed for powering the transmitter. The mechanical energy for driving the transducer is provided by the trigger mechanism. Thus, it is assured that the transmitter will be supplied with energy and will be ready to operate whenever an animal has been detected and a corresponding detection signal or alarm signal is to be sent to the monitoring centre.

The autonomous power supply for the transmitter has the advantage that no electrical power network needs to be available at the place where the detector is to be installed, and no batteries are needed, neither, so that costs for obtaining the batteries, checking the load condition thereof and for disposing used batteries can be avoided.

More specific optional features of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.

The detector may be used just for detecting the presence of small animals, especially pest, such as mice, rats and the like, e.g. for the purpose of confirming and certifying that the location where the detector or a plurality of detectors have been installed, e.g., a food processing plant, is pest free.

In another embodiment, the detector may be configured as a trap in which the animal that triggers the detector will automatically be trapped.

The trigger mechanism may be so configured that the weight or the movements of the animal are utilised for providing the mechanical energy for driving the transducer. In case of a life trap, it may however be preferable that the trigger mechanism is pre-loaded mechanically by means of a power reservoir, e.g. a spring. In that case, the energy of the power reservoir may be used for driving the transducer and hence for operating the transmitter. Since the trap must be visited by the personnel, anyway, in order to free the trapped animal, it does hardly require any additional effort if the personnel loads the trigger mechanism on that occasion, so that the necessary energy will be stored for the next detection event.

Instead of powering the transmitter directly out of the mechano-electrical transducer, it is also possible to buffer the energy of the transducer in a rechargeable battery. This permits, for example, to equip the trap or the detector with a (GPS) receiver, thereby to enable a remote localisation of the trap or detector and/or to transmit any action commands to the trap. The operating power for the receiver will then also be generated by the transducer.

Possibly, solar cells may be provided for additionally charging the battery. Then, the transducer will assure that, when the detection of an animal has to be signalled, a sufficient amount of energy will in any case be available, irrespective of the illumination condition of the solar cells.

Embodiment examples of the invention will now be described in conjunction with the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a trap for small animals that embodies the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the trap shown in FIG. 1 in a triggered state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mechano-electrical unit of the trap;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the trap shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; and

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a detector according to another embodiment of the invention in a non-triggered and a triggered state.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a life trap for small animals such as mice or other animals of similar size, which trap includes a detector according to an embodiment of the invention. The trap has a box-shaped casing 10 but is penetrated by a tunnel 12 that extends in the direction normal to the plane of the drawing and through which a small animal to be trapped can creep through. Conveniently, the trap will be installed such that the animal is forced to pass through the tunnel 12 on its way to a nutrition source or the nest.

The tunnel 12 passes through a cellular wheel sluice 14 which, in the example shown, has a cellular wheel 16 with three arms 22 that is rotatably supported on an axle 18. The axle 18 is surrounded by a helical torsion spring 20 which, by means of a locking mechanism that has not been shown, is held in a pre-loaded state in which the cellular wheel 16 is biased in clock sense in FIG. 1. As long as the trap is not triggered, one arm 22 of the cellular wheel will however engage a stop 24 which passes through a slot in the peripheral wall of the sluice 14 and forms part of a trigger mechanism 26.

The trigger mechanism 26 further includes a trigger plate 28 that is mounted to be pivotable about a shaft 30 and also passes through a slot in the peripheral wall of the sluice 14 into the interior of the tunnel 12 in such a configuration that it forms part of the bottom of this tunnel. The shaft 30 is the input shaft of a step switch mechanism 32 that may be formed for example by a known ratchet mechanism and has an output shaft 34 that carries a cross with arms 36. One of the four arms of the cross forms the stop 24 for the arm 22 of the cellular wheel.

When an animal, e.g. a mouse, enters into the tunnel 12 and passes over the trigger plate 28, this plate will be tilted downwardly be the weight of the mouse, and the shaft 30 will be rotated accordingly. This causes an advance step of the step switch mechanism 32. In this step, the cross 36 is temporarily set free, so that the stop 24 will yield and the cellular wheel 16 can make a rotation in clock sense under the action of the spring 20. As a result, the mouse that has been present in the tunnel 12 will be caught by the arm 22 and, without being hurt, will be pushed into a space 38 from which it can be removed later after a sliding door 40 has been opened. The output shaft 34 having the arms 36 performs a 90° rotation and is then locked again by the ratchet mechanism in a position in which the next arm of the cross forms the stop 24, and when the cellular wheel 16 has performed a 120° rotation, the next arm of this wheel will be locked at the stop 24. Now, however, the spring 20 will largely be relaxed and must be tensioned again by the maintenance personnel in order for the trap to be ready to operate again.

The mechanical principle of the trap that has heretofore been described has been known as such. The trap that is described here has the particular feature that a mechano-electrical unit 42 has been attached to the casing 10, this unit being configured to transmit a radio signal whenever the trap is triggered. To that end, the unit 42 includes a mechano-electrical transducer 44 that provides the electrical energy for generating the radio signal. A shaft 46 of the transducer 44 extends in parallel with the output shaft of the step switch mechanism 32 through the casing 10 and carries a lever 48 which engages one of the arms 36 of the cross in the condition shown in FIG. 1. When, now, the trap is triggered as shown in FIG. 2 and hence the cross is temporarily set free, the arm 22 of the cellular wheel will press down the arm 36 of the cross that has heretofore formed the stop 24, and the cross will rotate in counterclock sense. As a result, the opposite arm of the cross will pivot the lever 48 upwardly and will thereby cause a rotation of the shaft 46 which drives the mechano-electrical transducer 44.

In FIG. 3, the mechano-electrical unit 42 has been shown in a schematic cross-section. The transducer 44 comprises a gear box 50 having an input gear supported on the shaft 46 and an output gear driving a dynamo 52. The electric output terminals of the dynamo 52 are connected to a DC-converter 54 that is mounted on a circuit board 56. The circuit board 56 further carries a transmitter 58 that is formed by suitable electronics and is operated with the DC current provided by the converter 54, as well as an associated antenna 60.

As soon as the trigger mechanism 26 (FIGS. 1 and 2) causes the shaft 46 to rotate, the dynamo 52 provides an AC current which will be rectified and limited by the converter 54. As soon as the DC voltage generated by the converter reaches certain threshold value which corresponds at least to the operating voltage of the transmitter 58, this transmitter will be activated and send, via the antenna 60, a radio signal indicating that something has been trapped. This will cause the monitoring personnel to proceed to the trap in order to remove the mouse from the space 38. Simultaneously, the personnel will restore the ready-to-operate condition of the trap by loading the torsion spring 20 again.

FIG. 4 shows an external view of the casing 10. A rotary knob 62 is mounted on the axle 18 of the cellular wheel sluice outside of the casing 10, said knob being connected to one end of the torsion spring 20 via a detent that has not been shown. Thus, the rotary knob 62 permits to tension the torsion spring 20 until it has reached a certain bias, whereupon the above mentioned detent will release the spring which will then be held by another detent (not shown) in the biased position. In this way, the spring can be re-loaded by means of the knob 62 each time the trigger mechanism 26 has been actuated.

FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment does not have the function of a trap but just serves as a detector for detecting and indicating the presence of an animal. A mechano-electrical unit 64 which may be identical with the unit 42 shown in FIG. 3 has an input shaft 66 that is rigidly connected to one end of a ramp plate 68, so that the ramp plate will freely project from the shaft 66 in a substantially horizontal direction in cantilever fashion. The shaft 66 may be subject to the force of a spring (not shown) which holds the ramp plate 68 an essentially horizontal position.

When an animal steps onto the ramp plate 68, this plate will tilt into the position shown in FIG. 6, thereby causing a rotation of the input shaft 66. This slight rotation of the input shaft is sufficient for providing enough electrical energy for activating the transmitter and for sending a detection signal.

In a preferred embodiment, the transmitter will emit only a very short radio pulse which does not require much energy and will nevertheless be receivable by a suitable receiver at a distance of 50 to 1000 m from the location of the detector, depending on the presence of buildings or any another obstacles in the environment of the detector.

Thus, in this embodiment, the trigger mechanism does not need to be preloaded again after it has been triggered.

In a modified embodiment, a free end of the ramp plate 68 may rest on the floor (as shown in FIG. 6) when the detector is in the non-triggered state. In this embodiment, the other end of the ramp plate (on the right side in FIG. 6) would be drivingly connected to the input shaft 66 through a rack-and-pinion mechanism or the like, so that when an animal steps on the ramp plate 28, the upper end of the ramp plate 68, i.e. the end connected to the input shaft 66, will be pressed downward, possibly against the force of a weak return spring, so that the input shaft 66 will be driven to power the transmitter. 

1. A trap for small animals, comprising: a trigger mechanism to be triggered by an animal that is trapped, a transmitter actuated by the trigger mechanism for transmitting a detection signal to a monitoring centre, and a mechano-electrical transducer that is driven by the trigger mechanism and which produces energy which powers the transmitter.
 2. A trap according to claim 1, configured as a life trap.
 3. A trap according to claim 1, wherein the trigger mechanism is adapted to be driven by a power reservoir that is adapted to be pre-loaded manually.
 4. A trap according to claim 3, further comprising: a cellular wheel sluice that is biased by the power reservoir and is set free for rotation by the trigger mechanism when triggered, and a tunnel permitting a small animal to pass through and leading through the cellular wheel sluice so that the animal will be pushed out of the tunnel into a closed space of a trap, while the sluice simultaneously drives the trigger mechanism.
 5. A trap according to claim 1, wherein: the trigger mechanism comprises a step switch mechanism having a shaft and at least one arm projecting therefrom, said shaft being rotated in each switching step of the step switch mechanism, and the mechano-electrical transducer comprises a shaft that extends in parallel with the shaft of the step switch mechanism and carries a lever arranged to be actuated by the arm of the step switch mechanism.
 6. A trap according to claim 5, wherein the step switch mechanism comprises a plurality of arms that are arranged equi-angularly and form a stop for arms of a cellular wheel of a cellular wheel sluice.
 7. A trap according to claim 1, wherein the mechano-electrical transducer includes a dynamo.
 8. (canceled) 